English Edition Research Articles

Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition: Part I.

This is the first half of English edition of Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition that was published by the Japan Esophageal Society in 2022.

344 The World Neurosurgery Global Champions Program: First-year Experience of a Model Initiative for Reducing Disparities in Global Neurosurgical Literature

INTRODUCTION: Most surgical journals are published in English, representing a challenge for individuals from non-Anglophone countries and contributing to disparities in research globally. METHODS: The GCP was advertised via the journal website and social media. Applicants were selected to be a reviewer for the GCP if they demonstrated English proficiency. Authors received information about the program if their article was rejected on the basis of poor English language. The workflow is shown.The demographics of GCP members and characteristics and outcomes of articles edited by the GCP during its first year were reviewed. Surveys of GCP members and authors who used the service were conducted. RESULTS: Twenty-one individuals became part of the GCP, representing 8 countries and 16 languages apart from English. A total of 380 manuscripts were peer-reviewed and a final decision given by the editor-in-chief to have potentially worthwhile content but rejected due to poor language. The authors of these manuscripts were informed of the existence of this language assistance program. Forty-nine articles (12.9%) were edited by the GCP in 41.6 ± 22.8 days. Of 40 articles resubmitted to World Neurosurgery, 24 (60.0%) were accepted. GCP members and authors understood the purpose and workflow of the program and recognized improvements in article quality and the probability of acceptance through their participation. CONCLUSIONS: The World Neurosurgery Global Champions Program mitigated a critical barrier to publication in an English language journal for authors from non-Anglophone countries and promoted research equity by providing a free, largely medical student and trainee operated, English language editing service. This model or a similar service can be replicated by other journals.

Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition: Part II.

This is the second half of English edition of Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 12th Edition that was published by the Japan Esophageal Society in 2022.

‘A Pope Shut out of Heaven Gates (Thrice)’: Erasmus’ Julius as a tool of anti-Catholic propaganda in early modern England

The present article follows the editorial vicissitudes of Erasmus of Rotterdam's Julius within England's boundaries, where it was translated in 1533–34, in 1673, and in 1719. By interweaving the publishing history of these three English editions with their cultural milieu, it will appear evident that they were ideologically motivated products whose circulation directly coincided with an upheaval in Catholic matters in the country. The final purpose of this article is to demonstrate how Erasmus’ Julius, with its negative protagonist, was too compelling a weapon not to be used to stigmatise Catholicism and to prevent it from returning to the British Isles.

Research on high school English teaching materials under the perspective of Chinese cultural identity---Take the 2019 Beijing Normal University edition of high school English textbooks as an example

Today's world is undergoing great changes unseen in a century. As the builders and successors of socialism, it is of great importance for young people to carry out national cultural identity education.As an important teaching materials and teaching content, high school English teaching materials are an important carrier for students' cultural awareness, cultural identity and cultural inheritance education.This article combined with the 2019 edition of high school English teaching material content, in reading, reading, writing, and lecture, for example, this paper expounds the use of teaching material, train students to understand the Chinese excellent traditional culture, revolutionary culture and social advanced culture, so as to realize the development of students' core quality, achieve the highest goal of people cultivation.

Islamic dogmatic texts in Pyotr Tolstoy’s translation of «The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire»: the first fixation of adhan in Russian literature

The article discusses supposedly the first fixation of the text of the adhan in Russian literature, which is found in the Russian translation of Paul Ricaut's treatise entitled «The History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire». This translation was made from the Italian version by Pyotr Tolstoy during his stay in the Ottoman Empire in 1702–1714. Already in the English edition of the treatise of 1686 there are errors in the transliteration of the Arabic text of adhan, and its meaning is not fully conveyed. For the English reader, only takbir and shahada were translated, that are the most characteristic dogmatic formulae that Europeans could be familiar with from the other sources. The number of transliteration errors has increased in French and Italian translations. In the Polish translation, transliteration errors were corrected, but the gap in the transmission of content was not filled. Pyotr Tolstoy, not being an orientalist, did not make an attempt to critically comprehend the distorted transmission of Arabic fragments in the Italian translation of Historia and did not fill in the missing readings in the translation, for example, by attracting informants who knew the language and basic tenets of Islam. This is also not done during the re-preparation of the Russian translation for publication in 1741, and the Polish translation, which was partly used at that time for verification, was not referred in this case. Previous experiences of transmitting basic Islamic formulae also remain unfamiliar to Tolstoy, which is not surprising, given their fragmentation and occasional nature.

Interview with Mariusz Pisarski

Dr Mariusz Pisarski is a hypertext scholar, translator, publisher, the chief editor of "Techsty"---a Polish journal on new media and literature. He teaches creative writing, hypertext, Twine and non-linear storytelling. His translation and media translation projects include Polish editions of Michael Joyce's hypertext fictions, poetry generator "Sea and Spar Between" by Stephanie Strickland and Nick Montfort and "Hegirascope" by Stuart Moulthrop. Recently he has created the online English edition of "Twilight. A Symphony" (2022) by Michael Joyce. His forthcoming publication is "The Challenges of Born-Digital Fiction: Editions, Translations, and Emulations" (co-authored with Dene Grigar) by Cambridge University Press. He is an assistant professor at Chair of Media and Journalism, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Poland and the secretary of Electronic Literature Research Center at Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.

Inappropriate Use of Submission and Rejection Emails for Advertising Revision Services and Congresses

Finding a niche journal for the submission of an academic paper can sometimes be a challenge for authors, and finding the right choice may involve a series of submissions and rejections. Emails from editors and journals related to the submission or rejection of a paper should be strictly related to these purposes, i.e., to inform authors that their paper has been received, outline the subsequent editorial handling or peer reviewer steps in the former, or the reasons for rejection in the latter. This paper highlights four cases of - in the author’s opinion - the abuse of such emails by COPE member journals and publishers (Emerald Publishing Ltd., Springer Nature, Elsevier, Wiley) to advertise for-profit English revision and editing services and/or conferences, as a way to maximize these emails for a dual purpose, namely to inform authors of submission-related aspects (valid communication) while also trying to obtain clients and thus business for non-submission-related aspects (invalid communication). Since an abuse of email-based communication for non-academic purposes is an ethics-related matter, there is a need for systematic research of this potential abuse of emails from both COPE member and non-member journals.

DIMITRIE CANTEMIR ŞI CHIRURGIA

One of the most important works left by Dimitrie Cantemir, among his rich writings, was "INCREMENTORVM ET DECREMENTORVM AVLAE OTHOMANICAE SIVE ALIOTHMANICAE HISTORIAE A PRIMA GENTIS ORIGINE AD NOSTRA VSQVE TEMPORA DEDVCTATE LIBRI TRES", translated nowadays under the title "HISTORY OF THE INCREASE AND THE DECAY OF THE OTTHMAN OR ALIOTHMAN COURT (FROM THE BEGINNINGS OF THE NATION TO OUR TIME), IN THREE BOOKS". Among other information, it also contains a description of the land and the city of Avlonia - i.e. Vlora (dominated then by the Sublime Porta), as well as the Albanians from that region who had several qualities: fierce fighters, builders of aqueducts (without formal education) and healers of hernia by surgical operation. The surgery part has a special significance. In 1734 ”Incrementorum...” was translated into English by pastor Tindal, historian and translator. He used a manuscript in Latin given to him by Antioch Cantemir, son of Dimitrie Cantemir. The English text was translated into French by Fr. de Joncquieres. In 1745, a German translation appeared in the city of Hamburg, also using the English edition. In 1876, the Romanian Academy, published Iosif Hodoş first Romanian translation of the German edition. Fragments adapted from this edition were then used by Romanian researchers, including historians of medicine, such as Pompei Samarian, Dr. Vasile Sârbu. The original Latin manuscript of Dimitrie Cantemir's text was to be found not earlier than 1984 by Virgil Cândea at the Houghton Library in the USA. The Latinist Dan Sluşanschi published the manuscript and made its first translation from Latin into Romanian. The surgeon Dr. A. E. Nicolau published fragments of this translation, namely the passage regarding the surgical cure. În 2015, years after Dan Sluşanschi passing, the Romanian Academy published the text of the transcribed Latin manuscript and a translation version. In parallel, another academic and surgeon, Mircea Beuran, highlighted Cantemir's text, in a different form, exposing in the Floreasca Hospital on large, colorful, how inguinal hernia was operated in the 17th-18th centuries.

Le “Making of” de Eichmann in Jerusalem et quelques foyers de sa reception

Thanks to the Arendt/Hannah Arendt Papers (LC) collection, it is possible to discern the geological strata and to grasp the palimpsest of Eichmann's text in Jerusalem in the precision of its transformations, which are not trivial. The materials available for analysis include the following: 1. The articles from The New Yorker (1963); 2. The first draft of the work (1963); 3. The final draft of the first edition (1963); 4. The corrections for the British edition (Faber and Faber 1963); 5. The answer to Samuel Grafton's questions, which was not published (1963); 6. The interview with Thilo Koch at the beginning of 1964; 7. The German translation revised by the author (1964); 8. The interview with Günter Gaus (1964); and 9. The American edition revised and expanded (1965). To this inventory we can also add the distortions of the citations of the text itself in American and European critiques.
  

Can Generative Artificial Intelligence Write an Academic Journal Article? Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications

This article offers an in-depth reflection on the author’s experiences with Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI), ChatGPT 4.0. The author started the journey from their initial need for software for English proofreading and editing services to their interest in exploring pre-service teachers’ application of Gen AI in lesson planning. Based on prompt engineering techniques, an iterative three-stage manuscript generation process—brainstorming, refinement, and writing—with ChatGPT is detailed. A short paper generated by ChatGPT is presented. Although Gen AI is a valuable tool in providing insights and assistance in research idea generation and design, academic writing, and English writing learning, the author cautions that critical thinking plays a vital role in ensuring accuracy, ethical considerations, and the preservation of rigorous scholarly standards. As Gen AI emerges as a game-changer in academia and education, this article highlights the importance of balancing its emerging capabilities with maintaining traditional academic and educational values.

British Edition of the Monroe Doctrine versus ‘Com- munist Militarism’: Collisions between the USSR and the UK in Eastern Countries in the mid-1920s

The new US foreign policy concept in the Western hemisphere introduced by the American President J. Monroe in December 1823 has become a milestone both in the country’s history and in the theory and practice of international relations in general. For Great Britain, the principles of the Monroe Doctrine acquired new relevance after the end of the First World War. The prospect of unfettered Bolshevik expansion into British colonies and dependent territories in Asia and Africa became a matter of particular concern for the UK ruling circles. It was this threat that forced the military and political elites of Great Britain to turn to the experience of their overseas counterparts and develop a set of measures that can be described as the British edition of the Monroe Doctrine. These measures were directed right against the Bolsheviks’ attempts to revolutionize the national liberation movement and to use it to undermine the ‘colonial rear’ of the imperialist powers. British decision-makers interpreted these attempts as a Bolsheviks’ endeavor to revive the foreign policy practices of the Russian Empire and denoted them as ‘communist militarism’. It is through the lens of the collision of the British edition of the Monroe Doctrine and the concept of ‘communist militarism’ that this study examines the dynamics of the Soviet-British confrontation in Central Asia in the mid-1920s. Special attention is paid to the struggle that took place between the two countries in Iran (Persia), Afghanistan, northwest India, Xinjiang and Tibet. This competition for influence over local rulers took a variety of forms: from information and propaganda campaigns to rivalry in the field of infrastructure and logistics projects. At the same time, it was accompanied by a constant clash of interests of various factions within the USSR and Great Britain, which prevented them from pursuing a coherent policy in the region. Together, these circumstances endowed the Soviet-British rivalry in Central Asia in the 1920s with a number of unique features that does not allow it to be interpreted as just yet another round of the ‘Great Game’.

THE İMAGE SYSTEM OF THE ENGLİSH AND KAZAKH VERSİONS OF THE EPIC “KORUGLY”

The epic “Korugly” is one of the most popular folklore works in the world. Poems about Korugly, descended from the Turkmen Teke tribe, are ethnically, linguistically and religiously diverse in Kazakh, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Georgian, Uzbek, Turkmen, Tajik, Kurdish, Tatar, Abkhaz, Kumuk, Karakalpak and other languages. It has been sung in the folklore of nations for centuries and has become a favorite work of the people. In addition, it is known that the epic “Korugly” has been studied by many scholars in accordance with the motivational and plot features. This article describes the peculiarities of the image systems of the English edition of the epic “Korugly” and the Kazakh version. In the study of the image systems of the English and Kazakh versions, such research methods were used as observation, comparison, analogy. With the help of these methods, the similarities and differences in the actions of the same characters in both versions of the epic “Korugly” were identified at the plot and motivational levels. As a result of a comparative study, the features of the image system of the English edition of the epic “Korugly” and the Kazakh version were revealed. The English version of the epic and the images of the Kazakh version were discussed separately, and the differences in the characters in each version were revealed. An analysis of positive and negative characters of the epic “Korugly” in two versions was conducted. The results of the research can be used by readers interested in the literature of the Turkic world, as well as in universities and secondary schools as a scientifically researched work based on the poem “Korugly”.

Between Hegemonic Masculinity and New Man-ism: The Shift from ‘Owning’ the Gaze to Being the ‘Object’ of the Gaze in the Representation of the Western Male in Men’s Health Magazine

This essay discusses how the representation of the Western male has shifted from one of hegemonic masculinity to one of new man-ism by exploring the British edition of Men’s Health magazine (henceforth MH). Beginning with a brief definition of the key terms, the essay explores how such a change has occurred via cultural construction by borrowing a theoretical perspective from Judith Butler, of how all forms of identity are not ‘fixed’, but are rather discursively ‘produced’ by popular culture media: ‘There is no gender identity behind the expression of gender; that identity is performatively constituted by the very ‘‘expressions’’ that are said to be its results’ Butler (1988). After highlighting the relevant history of men’s liberation, the essay then discusses the conditions in which the representation of men has become fetishised in modern Britain by adopting MH as a case study. Such exploitative use of idealised depictions of men’s bodies in MH has resulted in men becoming the ‘object’ of the gaze rather than ‘owning’ the gaze. To clarify this sociologically, the essay begins by discussing the feminist movement’s rejection of the men’s patriarchal image and how men thereby began to embrace new man-ism. Next, it discusses two other causes of this shift to new man-ism: (i) economic changes, and (ii) the crisis of masculinity. My concern here is not to unquestioningly accept the concepts associated with these factors or their implications; rather, I discuss them as dynamic elements within the above-mentioned change in how men are represented by MH, which has led men to become the objects rather than the subjects of the gaze. However, despite the historical performativity-related changes to men and masculinity, no real changes to masculinity’s hegemonic and dominant characteristics appear to have occurred. No further detail is given on the content of MH (as this can be studied easily enough), nor will I defend the ‘dumb’ excesses of some men’s titles to avoid a burlesque analysis. Instead, I discuss the most prominent themes in relation to men’s appearances and bodies to provide a better understanding of the shift from hegemonic masculinity to the New Man depicted in MH.

The role of scientific journals in times of war

In times of war raging on European soil, the academic community can help by doing what it knows best – documenting important evidence and publishing research. The experience of the Croatian Medical Journal (CMJ) editors during the Homeland War shows how a scientific journal can help during wartime (Marušić & Marušić, 2002). The CMJ published numerous scientific articles on various aspects of war (Marušić & Marušić, 2012; Marusic, Markulin, Lukic, & Marusic, 2006). To attract more authors to write about war and to improve the quality of the submissions CMJ editors introduced an authorhelpful prereview (Marusic & Marusic, 2001). CMJ editors worked with the authors to help them prepare their manuscripts until they were ready for an external peer review. Editorial staff working closely with authors formed the cornerstone of CMJ editors' work and became a unique approach in the world of medical journals (Marušić & Marušić, 2002, 2022).In October 2022, the directors of the postgraduate doctoral program Translational Research in Biomedicine (TRIBE), decided to use that experience and together with the editorial board of the ST-OPEN journal, which is now led by the former editors of CMJ, launch the Giving Voice project to help Ukrainian authors write reports about the war in Ukraine. We named the project Giving Voice because we wanted to give a platform to voices that often are not heard loud enough, particularly those that do not belong to academic elites: students, refugees, vulnerable and marginalized groups, and others whose lives have been disrupted by war.In collaboration with the ST-OPEN editorial staff, we are inviting interested authors from Ukraine to send us their manuscripts. ST-OPEN is an interdisciplinary journal so we welcome contributions from all scientific fields. We will re-employ the author-helpful prereview. Our help will include assistance with study planning, statistics, writing, and English language editing to make the obtained data publishable. Other experts who would like to become a part of our network of mentors are more than welcome. All articles will go through a formal external review process, so we cannot guarantee that all will be accepted for publication, but we will do our best to make them publicationready.Although many projects are aimed at helping the academic community in Ukraine, to our knowledge, our approach is unique. Additional details about the Giving Voice project, already published articles, and similar projects are listed on the project website (Sapunar, 2022). As members of the academic community, we can make a difference within our professional realm. We should not only be a simple service for publishing articles but also, perhaps more importantly, agents of change for the scientific community. As directors of the TRIBE doctoral program, we aim to educate scientists to solve research problems and write reports about them. We should not only try to provide future scientists with knowledge and skills or gather them around the key values – we should also help create enlightened agents of change and equip them with leadership qualities accompanied by social and moral accountability (Frenk et al., 2010). We will extend the same efforts to the authors and mentors who decide to take part in the Giving Voice project.

Understanding Russia’s Actions in Ukraine as the Crime of Genocide (Translation into Ukrainian by Denys Azarov)

This is the Ukrainian-language version of the article previously published in the Journal of International Criminal Justice (Denys Azarov, Dmytro Koval, Gaiane Nuridzhanian, Volodymyr Venher, Understanding Russia’s Actions in Ukraine as the Crime of Genocide, Journal of International Criminal Justice, Volume 21, Issue 2, May 2023, Pages 233–264, https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqad018) by Oxford University Press. The translation is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0. Abstract from an English edition. The new wave of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine that began on 24 February 2022, and the intensification of the armed conflict accompanied by grave breaches of international humanitarian law, has received significant scholarly attention. Many academic interventions have examined the developments in Ukraine through the frameworks of jus ad bellum and jus in bello. Some, however, have applied a genocide lens to make sense of reported numerous and widespread violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. This article contributes to the latter stream of scholarship by contextualizing the arguments for the existence of genocidal intent behind the seemingly unrelated crimes committed by the armed forces of the Russian Federation all over Ukraine. The authors pay particular attention to the language and pseudo-historical references used by Russia’s leaders as a justification for the invasion of Ukraine and argue that these statements and expressions indicate the existence of genocidal intent. This article also reflects on the issue of the systematic destruction of cultural heritage of Ukraine as further evidence of the intent to destroy the Ukrainian nation understood as a protected national group under the Genocide Convention, at least in part. Finally, the authors analyse the genocidal acts that have apparently been committed, including killings; the causing of serious bodily or mental harm; the forcible transfer of Ukrainian children to Russia, and the deliberate infliction of conditions of life aimed at the physical destruction of the Ukrainian nation. It is stressed that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the destruction of the Ukrainian nation by Russia has been pursued through commission of these prohibited acts. Their nature and large-scale character serve as further evidence of genocidal intent to destroy the Ukrainian nation.

Editorial of the special edition in English

In this special issue we would like this story to be told more explicitly. Of course, it would not be possible to make an issue with all the authors who have already published in the magazine telling their stories with GeoGebra. Thus, we invite authors who, in some way, have representation and recognition within the GeoGebra community in Brazil for the work they have been developing with the software.

EFL Students' Entrepreneurial Tendencies: Is It a Misdirected Issue?

This paper examines the EFL students' tendencies toward entrepreneurship and whether this phenomenon is misdirected or not. It was investigated by using descriptive qualitative through thematic analysis. The findings showed that the EFL students had run some businesses and planned to run self-employed businesses shortly. This resulted in most students having run businesses that support their field of knowledge. These businesses are English language courses, translation or editing services, and private classes. This tendency made them have challenges in business competitiveness. Whether it was misdirected or not, that depended on the EFL students’ career opportunities. Thus, some of them tended to choose to open culinary businesses, online shops, and clothing stores that are more likely.

Preface

The current volume is a part of the annual series of conference on Viet Nam’s Seas and Islands organized by the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City. This is the second year the conference is being held, in collaboration with the Faculty of Geography, Faculty of History, Center for Ocean, Island and Climate Change Studies, and Center for Strategic Research.The conference “Potential for Exploitation and Development of Coastal Zone in Vietnam”, which was held on April 26th 2023, focuses on the history of maritime exploitation, assessing the potential for economic development, and environmental protection towards sustainable development. Total of 61 papers were received from various research institutions across the country. Among those papers, 24 papers were selected and transferred to the publication process and 16 papers are published.The content of the articles is diverse, and they contribute significantly from five different research perspectives:1. Environmental scientific approaches provide insights into natural resources, sedimentation, erosion assessment, GIS applications for groundwater evaluation, solid waste management, and various aspects of coastal ecosystem management.2. Anthropological approaches delved into the challenges of development choices: whether to prioritize family livelihoods or safeguard maritime security and the marine environment. This presents a significant issue in Viet Nam’s sustainable development.3. Historical approaches were employed to study the evolution of exploitation and clarify policy changes across dynasties and issues related to Viet Nam’s maritime sovereignty throughout different historical periods.4. Economic approaches highlighted directions to natural resources for maritime economic development, coastal tourism, eco-tourism, and fishing along the country’s coastline.5. Lastly, cultural approaches painted a vivid picture of the coastal fishermen, folk songs, indigenous knowledge, and the role of women in preserving and developing coastal areas.The organizers would like to express the appreciation to all of the authors who contributed to the success of the volume, as well as the committee members and reviewers who gave their time and expertise to ensure the scientific quality of the papers. Following that, we would like to thank our colleagues, particularly those on the Advisory Center for Publication and Project Development (CAP) team, who assisted us throughout the editorial process and who were always willing to offer helpful advice based on their extensive experience. Lastly, we wish to convey our appreciation for Prof. Joanna Zawiejska, Ms. Nguyen Ngoc Phuong Giang, and Ms. Natalia Popielska for English editing and comments on our papers.We trust that the published research provides both educational and informative value. Our aim is for the selected papers to serve as inspiration, motivating readers to advance their own research career, as well as contribute to the sustainable development of Viet Nam’s marine environments and coastal zones. Editorial board Prof. Dr. Vo Van Sen; Dr. Le Thanh Hoa, and Dr. Pham Thi Bich Ngoc Organizer: University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City 10-12 Dinh Tien Hoang St., Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam Sponsors:1. University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City2. Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City under the grant number ÐA2019-18b-01 Technical supports: Advisory Center for Publication and Project Development, USSH, VNUHCMList of Steering Committee, Organizing Conference Committee, Scientific Conference Committee and Conference Secretariat are available in this pdf.

Early English Translations of Grimm's "Children and Household Tales" as Children's Literature

The Children and Household Tales (Kinder- und Hausmärchen, KHM) by the Brothers Grimm are not only an integral part of German culture but have also become a global success over the last two centuries. Currently, the collections of the Grimm brothers include translations into over 100 languages, some of which were written during the lifetime of the Brothers Grimm. English editions in particular carry a considerable influence on the global reception of the tales, since most of the tales are received in a translation instead of the original language. However, many readers of the Grimms’ tales are not aware of this. It is often disregarded that a translation can rarely be described as identical to the original and is subject to different factors such as the translation tradition, the target culture, or the translator’s own ideas. The following essay investigates how and why the tales were edited in English translation to be modified as children’s literature.